Gestion des paquets sous Ubuntu

sudo apt-get update mettre a jour la liste des paquets.

sudo apt-get upgrade mets a jour les paquets a mettre a jour.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get autoclean supprime les paquets obsolètes

sudo apt install %PAQUETS% installe les paquets mentionnés, cette version est plus belle que apt-get install.

Source : https://wiki.debian.org/fr/ListInstalledPackages

dpkg-query -l

sudo apt remove mon_paquet

sudo apt purge mon_paquet

https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/comment_supprimer_un_paquet

admin@admin:~$ sudo apt-get update
Atteint :1 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Atteint :2 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
Atteint :3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
Ign :4 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge InRelease
Atteint :5 http://dl.ubnt.com/unifi/debian stable InRelease
Atteint :6 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge Release
Lecture des listes de paquets... Erreur !
E: Erreur de lecture - read (5: Input/output error)
W: Vous pouvez lancer « apt-get update » pour corriger ces problèmes.
E: Le fichier de cache des paquets est corrompu

sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf // supprime tous les fichiers du dossier apt/lists
sudo apt-get update

Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
...
(Reading database ... 70%
dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:
 reading files list for package 'libgssapi3-heimdal:amd64': Input/output error
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)

Source → https://askubuntu.com/questions/139377/unable-to-install-any-updates-through-update-manager-apt-get-upgrade

So the solution is the following:

1 - Go into the /var/lib/dpkg directory
2 - Make a backup of the status file
3 - Edit the status file
4 - Search the package that gave the error
5 - Just delete the lines from this package (but let all other lines that concern other >packages even if they contains the broken package in their “Replaces” or “Depends” >fields)

[…]

6 - Save changes in the status file

7 - Run: sudo dpkg –configure -a
Force the re-installation of missing dependencies (because now, there are some):

8 - sudo apt-get -f install
I think that if the broken package does not depend on any other package (could be >rare), just reinstall it:

9 - sudo apt-get install %the_package%
Everything is fine now can update, upgrade, or install new packages!